淺析風(fēng)電葉片設(shè)備裂紋維護(hù)方法
轉(zhuǎn)子系統(tǒng)是旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械的重要部件，轉(zhuǎn)子裂紋擴(kuò)展引起的葉片斷裂對(duì)于旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)械危害極大。對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子葉片裂紋振動(dòng)特性研究較多，對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子葉片裂紋故障的診斷、識(shí)別技術(shù)研究較少，而轉(zhuǎn)子葉片裂紋及其擴(kuò)展的識(shí)別對(duì)于終實(shí)現(xiàn)葉片裂紋故障的診斷具有重要意義。
The rotor system is an important part of the rotating machinery. The blade fracture caused by the crack propagation of the rotor is very harmful to the rotating machinery. There are many studies on the vibration characteristics of rotor blade cracks, but there are few studies on the diagnosis and recognition technology of rotor blade crack faults. The identification of rotor blade crack and its extension is of great significance for the final diagnosis of blade crack faults.
在機(jī)械設(shè)備故障診斷中，通常采用基于平穩(wěn)過程的經(jīng)典信號(hào)處理方法——傅里葉變換分析和加窗傅里葉分析，分別僅從時(shí)域或頻域給出信號(hào)的統(tǒng)計(jì)平均結(jié)果，無法同時(shí)兼顧信號(hào)在時(shí)域和頻域的全貌和局部化特征，而這些局部化特征往往是故障的表征。
In the fault diagnosis of mechanical equipment, usually by analysis -- Fu Liye transform and windowed Fu Liye classical signal processing method based on stationary process, were only from the statistical time domain or frequency domain signal is given the average results, not taking into account the whole image and characteristic of signal in time domain and frequency domain, and these features are often localized fault characterization.
裂紋產(chǎn)生的原因應(yīng)力集中。采用有限元計(jì)算分析得出，轉(zhuǎn)輪在水壓力及離心力的作用下，大應(yīng)力區(qū)主要分布在轉(zhuǎn)輪葉片周邊上，按第三強(qiáng)度理論計(jì)算的相當(dāng)應(yīng)力沿葉片周邊分布。一般轉(zhuǎn)輪葉片存在四個(gè)高應(yīng)力區(qū)，他們的位置在葉片進(jìn)水邊正面(壓力分布面)靠近上冠處；葉片出水邊正面的中部；葉片出水邊背面靠近上冠處；葉片與下環(huán)連接區(qū)內(nèi)。
The cause of the crack is caused by stress concentration. The finite element analysis shows that under the action of water pressure and centrifugal force, the large stress area is mainly distributed on the periphery of runner blades, and the equivalent stress calculated by the third strength theory is distributed along the periphery of the blade. There are four high stress zones in general runner blades. Their positions are near the upper part of the inlet side of water inlet (pressure distribution surface) near the upper crown, and the middle part of the front side of the leaf outlet. The leaf outlet is near the upper crown, and the blade is connected with the lower ring connection area.
裂紋無損探傷檢查在大修時(shí)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)輪進(jìn)行無損探傷檢查，及時(shí)處理缺陷，事故隱患是十分必要的。嚴(yán)重的裂紋等缺陷用肉眼和放大鏡外觀檢查即可發(fā)現(xiàn)，但較細(xì)小的缺陷和內(nèi)部的缺陷必須用無損探傷檢查。
It is very necessary to remove the defects in time and eliminate the hidden trouble. Serious cracks and other defects can be found by the naked eye and magnifying mirror appearance examination, but the smaller defects and internal defects must be inspected by nondestructive testing.
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